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Interferon waa calaamad uu fayrasku ku qariyo farcanka jidhka si uu u hawlgeliyo hab-dhiska difaaca, waana khadka difaaca ee fayraska.Nooca I interferon (sida alfa iyo beta) ayaa muddo tobanaan sano ah loo bartay dawooyinka fayraska ka hortagga ah.Si kastaba ha ahaatee, nooca I interferon reseptors ayaa lagu muujiyay unugyo badan, sidaas darteed maamulka nooca I interferon waa sahlan tahay in uu keeno falcelin xad dhaaf ah oo ka mid ah jawaabta difaaca jirka, taas oo keeneysa saameyno isdaba joog ah.Farqiga ayaa ah in nooca III interferon (λ) reseptors lagu muujiyo kaliya unugyada epithelial iyo unugyada difaaca qaarkood, sida sambabada, mareenka neef-mareenka, xiidmaha, iyo beerka, halkaas oo novel coronavirus dhaqmo, sidaa darteed interferon λ waxay leedahay waxyeelooyin yar.PEG-λ waxaa wax ka beddelaya polyetylen glycol iyadoo lagu salaynayo interferon dabiiciga ah λ, iyo wakhtiga wareegga dhiigga ee uu ku jiro aad ayuu uga dheer yahay kan interferon-ka dabiiciga ah.Daraasado dhowr ah ayaa muujiyay in PEG-λ ay leedahay firfircooni ballaaran oo ka hortagga fayraska

Horaantii Abriil 2020, saynisyahano ka socda Machadka Kansarka Qaranka (NCI) ee Mareykanka, King's College London ee Boqortooyada Ingiriiska iyo machadyo kale oo cilmi baaris ah ayaa daabacay faallooyinka J Exp Med iyagoo ku talinaya daraasado caafimaad iyadoo la adeegsanayo interferon λ si loogu daweeyo Covid-19.Raymond T. Chung, oo ah maamulaha Xarunta Hepatobiliary ee Isbitaalka Guud ee Massachusetts ee dalka Mareykanka, ayaa sidoo kale ku dhawaaqay bishii May in baaritaan caafimaad oo uu bilaabay baaruhu la sameyn doono si loo qiimeeyo waxtarka PEG-λ ee ka dhanka ah Covid-19.

Laba waji 2 tijaabo caafimaad ayaa muujiyay in PEG-λ ay si weyn u yareeyn karto culeyska fayraska ee bukaanada qaba COVID-19 [5,6].Febraayo 9, 2023, joornaalka New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) wuxuu daabacay natiijooyinka wejiga 3 ee tijaabada la qabsiga ee loo yaqaan TOGETHER, oo ay hogaaminayaan aqoonyahanno Brazil iyo Canadian ah, kaas oo sii qiimeeyay saameynta daaweynta ee PEG-λ ee bukaannada COVID-19 [7].

Bukaan-socodka soo bandhigay calaamadaha degdega ah ee Covid-19 oo soo bandhigaya 7 maalmood gudahooda ee calaamaduhu waxay heleen PEG-λ (hal duritaan oo subcutaneous ah, 180 μg) ama placebo (hal duritaan ama afka ah).Natiijooyinka isku dhafan ee aasaasiga ah waxay ahayd isbitaal dhigga (ama u gudbinta cusbitaal jaamacadeed) ama booqasho waaxda xaaladaha degdegga ah ee Covid-19 28 maalmood gudahooda ee kala-soocidda (fiirin> 6 saacadood).

Fayruuska corona-fayrasku wuu is beddelayaa tan iyo markii uu dillaacay.Sidaa darteed, waxaa si gaar ah muhiim u ah in la arko in PEG-λ ay saameyn daweyn ku leedahay noocyada kala duwan ee coronavirus-ka cusub.Kooxdu waxay samaysay falanqayn koox-hoosaadyo ah oo ku saabsan noocyada kala duwan ee fayraska ee ku dhacay bukaannada tijaabadan, oo ay ku jiraan Omicron, Delta, Alpha, iyo Gamma.Natiijooyinka waxay muujiyeen in PEG-λ ay wax ku ool u tahay dhammaan bukaannada qaba noocyadan, iyo tan ugu waxtarka badan ee bukaannada qaba Omicron.

Marka la eego culeyska fayraska, PEG-λ waxay leedahay saameyn daweyn oo aad u muhiim ah bukaanada leh culeyska sare ee fayraska, iyada oo aan wax saameyn ah oo daaweyn ah lagu arkin bukaanada leh culeyska hooseeya ee fayraska.Waxtarkani wuxuu ku dhow yahay inuu la mid yahay Pfizer's Paxlovid (Nematovir/Ritonavir).

Waa in la ogaadaa in Paxlovid afka laga qaato 3 kiniin laba jeer maalintii muddo 5 maalmood ah.PEG-λ, dhanka kale, waxay u baahan tahay kaliya hal cirbad oo subcutaneous ah si loo gaaro waxtar la mid ah tan Paxlovid, sidaa darteed waxay leedahay u hogaansanaan wanaagsan.U hoggaansanaanta ka sokow, PEG-λ waxay leedahay faa'iidooyin kale marka loo eego Paxlovid.Daraasaduhu waxay muujiyeen in Paxlovid ay fududahay inay keento isdhexgalka daroogada oo ay saameyso dheef-shiid kiimikaadka daawooyinka kale.Dadka qaba xanuunka daran ee Covid-19, sida bukaanada da'da ah iyo bukaanada qaba cudurrada daba-dheeraada, waxay u janjeeraan inay qaataan dawooyinka waqti dheer, markaa khatarta Paxlovid ee kooxahan ayaa aad uga sareysa PEG-λ.

Intaa waxaa dheer, Paxlovid waa horjooge bartilmaameedsada borotiinka fayraska.Haddii protease fayrasku isbedelo, daawadu waxay noqon kartaa mid aan waxtar lahayn.PEG-λ waxay wanaajisaa ciribtirka fayrasyada iyadoo dhaqaajisa difaaca jirka, mana beegsato qaab dhismeedka fayraska.Sidaa darteed, xitaa haddii fayrasku isbeddelo mustaqbalka, PEG-λ waxaa laga filayaa inay ilaaliso waxtarkeeda.

Si kastaba ha noqotee, FDA waxay sheegtay inaysan oggolaan doonin isticmaalka degdegga ah ee PEG-λ, taasoo niyad jab ku ah saynisyahannada ku lugta leh daraasadda.Eiger ayaa sheegay in tani ay sabab u tahay in daraasaddu aysan ku lug lahayn xarun tijaabo ah oo caafimaad oo Maraykan ah, iyo sababtoo ah tijaabada waxaa bilaabay oo ay sameeyeen cilmi-baarayaasha, maaha shirkadaha daroogada.Natiijadu waxay tahay, PEG-λ waxay u baahan doontaa inay geliso lacag aad u badan iyo waqti dheeraad ah ka hor inta aan laga bilaabin Maraykanka.

Sida dawada ka hortagga fayraska ee ballaadhan, PEG-λ kaliya ma beegsanayso coronavirus-ga cusub, waxay sidoo kale kor u qaadi kartaa nadiifinta jirka ee caabuqyada kale ee fayraska.PEG-λ waxay saameyn ku yeelan kartaa fayraska hargabka, fayraska syncytial neef-mareenka iyo coronaviruses kale.Daraasadaha qaar ayaa sidoo kale soo jeediyay in daawooyinka interferon, haddii hore loo isticmaalo, ay joojin karaan fayraska inuu ku dhaco jirka.Eleanor Fish, oo ah khabiir ku takhasusay difaaca jirka oo ka tirsan Jaamacadda Toronto ee Kanada oo aan ku lug lahayn daraasadda TOGETHER, ayaa yiri: "Isticmaalka ugu weyn ee nooca interferon wuxuu ahaan lahaa si ka hortag ah, gaar ahaan in laga ilaaliyo shakhsiyaadka khatarta sare leh caabuqa inta lagu jiro dillaaca."